Animating Schelling’s segregation model
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Recent blog post on Animations in R inspired me to write a code that generates animations of simulation model. For this task I have chosen Schelling’s segregation model.
Having written the code I have found that one year ago a similar code has been proposed. However, the implementation model is different so I thought it is a nice comparison.
Here is the code implementing the model:
# 0 – empty
# 2 – first agent type color
# 4 – second agent type color
# initialize simulation
# size – square size
# perc.full – percentage of lots to be occupied
init <- function(side, perc.full) {
size <- floor(side ^ 2 * perc.full / 2)
state <- matrix(0, side, side)
occupied <- sample(side ^ 2, 2 * size)
state[occupied] <- c(2,4)
return(state)
}
# plot simulation state
# state – simulation state
# i – simulation iteration
do.plot <- function(state, i) {
side <- dim(state)[1]
x <- rep(1:side, side)
y <- rep(1:side, each = side)
par(fin=c(4,4), fig=c(0,1,0,1))
plot(x , y, axes = F, xlab=“”, ylab=“”, col = state,
main = paste(“Step”, i), pch = 19, cex = 40 / side)
}
# perform one step of simulation
# state – simulation state
# threshold – percent of required agents of the same color
# in neighborhood
# radius – neighborhood radius
sim.step <- function(state, threshold, radius) {
mod.1 <- function(a, b) { 1 + ((a – 1) %% b) }
div.1 <- function(a, b) { 1 + ((a – 1) %/% b) }
unhappy <- rep(NA, length(state))
side <- dim(state)[1]
check <- (-radius):(radius)
#find unhappy agents
for (n in which(state > 0)) {
x <- div.1(n, side)
y <- mod.1(n, side)
x.radius <- mod.1(check + x, side)
y.radius <- mod.1(check + y, side)
region <- state[y.radius, x.radius]
similar <- sum(region == state[n]) – 1
total <- sum(region > 0) – 1
unhappy[n] <- (similar < total * threshold)
}
vunhappy <- which(unhappy)
# move unhappy agents
vunhappy <- vunhappy[sample.int(length(vunhappy))]
empty <- which(state == 0)
for (n in vunhappy) {
move.idx <- sample.int(length(empty), 1)
state[empty[move.idx]] <- state[n]
state[n] <- 0
empty[move.idx] <- n
}
return(state)
}
library(animation)
# simple wrapper for animation plotting
go <- function() {
s <- init(51, 0.75)
for (i in 1:50) {
do.plot(s, i)
last.s <- s
s <- sim.step(s, 0.6, 1)
if (identical(last.s, s)) { break }
}
for (j in 1:4) {
do.plot(s, i)
}
ani.options(interval = 5 / (i + 2))
}
saveGIF(go())
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