After looking at my heating expenses, I turned to the costs for water heating. For some time, I looked at my water meter before and after taking a shower or a bath. Quite often, I forgot one or the other measurement, but I collected about 40 observations. Here is what they look like:

The data suggest that for a shower, it takes between 17 and 26.5 liters hot water and between 11 and 16.5 liters cold water. For a bath, it is 60 to 77 liters hot water and 24 to 32.5 liters cold water. (The numbers refer to the 25% and 75% percentiles, respectively.) The larger share of cold water for a shower makes sense, since I use cold water at the end of the shower for its “invigorating effect”.

Multiplied with the average costs, as charged by my landlord the last three years, a bath takes 0.94 to 1.22 EUR and a shower costs 0.29 to 0.45 EUR (again, first and third quartiles). So taking a shower for 0.50 EUR at the fitness club is not optimal, but also not very expensive.

There are water saving shower heads for 30 EUR. It is advertised that such a shower head uses 6.5 liter per minute instead the usual 15 to 16 liters per minute. I believe 15 liters per minute is too much. So let’s assume I save 3.5 liters per minute or (using the median water use of the data) 12 liters per shower. Is it cost-efficient?

Twelve liters less per shower at 10.5 EUR/cbm means a saving of 0.126 EUR per shower. I assume 20 showers a month. This is tentative, since with this assumption the costs sum up to 70 EUR a year for hot water while my bills amount in average to 110 EUR total costs for hot water. So the new shower head saves 20*0.126=2.52 EUR per month.

Let’s calculate the payback period. With an interest rate of 4% p.a. and 5 years expected serviceable life the monthly gain calculates to

2. 52 - 30 * 0. 04 / 12 - 30 / (5 * 12) = 1. 92

so after 30 / 1. 92 = 16 months, the investment is repaid. This seems acceptable. But just to be sure, let’s calculate the internal rate of return, too. In excel, there is a function IRR for this procedure, which is implemented in three lines in R. For convenience, the irr function is stored in the pft package. The result is 8.3% which seems decent.

Just for reference, here comes the R code for the plot and the irr function: