Interactive Principal Component Analysis in R
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This article is part of a R-Tips Weekly, a weekly video tutorial that shows you step-by-step how to do common R coding tasks.
Identify Clusters in your Data:
We’ll make an Interactive PCA visualization to investigate clusters and learn why observations are similar to each other. Here are the links to get set up. ????
- Get the Code: GitHub Link
- Video Tutorial: YouTube Tutorial
PCA is all about data wrangling
PCA is a great tool for mining your data for clusters. But, most beginners get a few things wrong:
- PCA only works with numeric data
- Categorical data must be encoded as numeric data (e.g. one-hot)
- Numeric data must be scaled (otherwise your PCA will be misleading)
Data Wrangling is SUPER Critical
We need to use dplyr to encode categorical features as numeric.
Before Encoding
PCA will not work with Categorical Data
(You’ll get a nice error message)
After Encoding
PCA likes data in this format ????
Visualizing Clusters
What can we do with PCA + ggplot2? Let’s visualize clusters in our data!
First, fit a PCA using prcomp().
Next, use autoplot() from the ggfortify package.
Then visualize. As an added bonus, we can make it interactive with ggplotly()!
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