Drop unused factor levels
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When creating a subset of a dataframe, I often exclude rows based on the level of a factor. However, the “levels” of the factor remain intact. This is the intended behavior of R, but it can cause problems in some cases. I finally discovered how to clean up levels in this post to R-Help. Here is an example:Want to share your content on R-bloggers? click here if you have a blog, or here if you don't.
> a <- factor(letters) > a [1] a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Levels: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ## Now, even though b only includes five letters, ## all 26 are listed in the levels > b <- a[1:5] > b [1] a b c d e Levels: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ## This behavior can be changed using the following syntax: > b <- a[1:5,drop = TRUE] > b [1] a b c d e Levels: a b c d e
Another way to deal with this is to use the dropUnusedLevels() command in the Hmisc library. The only issue here is that behavior is changed globally which may have undesired consequences (see the post listed above).
****UPDATE****
As Jeff Hollister mentions in the comments, there is another way to do this:
a<-factor(letters) b<-factor(a[1:5])
Yet another way, if you are working with data frames that by default convert characters into factors, was suggested on r-sig-ecology by Hadley Wickham:
options(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
a <-data.frame("alpha"=letters)
b<-a[1:5]
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