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es() allows selecting between AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), AICc (Akaike Information Criterion corrected) and BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion, also known as Schwarz IC). The very basic information criterion is AIC. It is calculated for a chosen model using formula:
\label{eq:AIC}
\text{AIC} = -2 \ell \left(\theta, \hat{\sigma}^2 | Y \right) + 2k,

where $$k$$ is number of parameters of the model. Not going too much into details, the model with the smallest AIC is considered to be the closest to the true model. Obviously IC cannot be calculated without model fitting, which implies that a human being needs to form a pool of models, then fit each of them to the data, calculate an information criterion for each of them and after that select the one model that has the lowest IC value. There are 30 ETS models, so this procedure may take some time. Or even too much time, if we deal with large samples. So what can be done in order to increase the speed?

For example, for a time series N2568 from M3 we will have:

es(M3$N2568$x, "ZZZ", h=18)

Which results in:

Forming the pool of models based on... ANN, ANA, ANM, AAM, Estimation progress: 100%... Done!
Time elapsed: 2.6 seconds
Model estimated: ETS(MMdM)
Persistence vector g:
alpha  beta gamma
0.020 0.020 0.001
Damping parameter: 0.965
Initial values were optimised.
19 parameters were estimated in the process
Residuals standard deviation: 0.065
Cost function type: MSE; Cost function value: 169626

Information criteria:
AIC     AICc      BIC
1763.990 1771.907 1816.309

ETS(MMdM) on N2568 series from M3

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